A fundamental problem for the CAVM is how to characterize the transitions in vegetation that occur across the roughly 10 °C mean July temperature gradient from the tree line to...

Various authors, working with different geobotanical traditions, have divided the Arctic into bioclimatic regions using a variety of terminologies. The origins of these...

The Arctic has a relatively consistent core ofplant species that occur throughout the circumpolar region, but there is also considerable east to west variation in regional...

Floristic sectors characterize the considerable east-west floristic variation within the subzones. The more northern Arctic bioclimate subzones have a relatively consistent core...