A fundamental problem for the CAVM is how to characterize the transitions in vegetation that occur across the roughly 10 °C mean July temperature gradient from the tree line to...

Various authors, working with different geobotanical traditions, have divided the Arctic into bioclimatic regions using a variety of terminologies. The origins of these...

The Arctic has a relatively consistent core ofplant species that occur throughout the circumpolar region, but there is also considerable east to west variation in regional...

Floristic sectors characterize the considerable east-west floristic variation within the subzones. The more northern Arctic bioclimate subzones have a relatively consistent core...

Lake cover strongly affects the reflectance of the land surface over large areas of Alaska, and was useful for identifying extensive wetlands. Lake cover was based on the number...